AMOLED stands for Active-Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode. This technique comes from the OLED technology. The difference between this technique (AMOLED), and OLED is the way the pixels are placed, and the design of the screen. AMOLED pixels can be individually checked, OLED can not. AMOLED is thus a better representation of the image.
Then you also have Super AMOLED. Super AMOLED displays only a touch-sensitive layer. This is because certain touch sensors,which are on the outside of the normal AMOLED screens are (this is also true for LCD) removed. This makes the screen muchbrighter (up to 20%), and even sharper. Since a layer is removed, the display is again thinner. All this is accompanied by the samepower consumption.
